A cold chain in the HVAC industry is a temperature-controlled supply chain mainly related with refrigerated production, storage and distribution facilities supported by equipment that can constantly maintain the required low-temperature range of perishable products during transportation time frame. However, it is far more complex than it sounds. For example, some pharmaceuticals require
constant maintenance of an ultra-low temperature range from the time they are manufactured until they are used by the end-user customers. The requirement is so exact that if the temperature deviates slightly from this range, even for a short time, it could lose its potency and become unfit for use.